Description
El rebozo es una fusión entre los mantones españoles y los textiles prehispánicos originado después de la conquista y que, con el tiempo, se convirtió en elemento de identidad nacional. Pueden ser de algodón, lana, seda o artisela, y variar en cuanto al tamaño, la calidad y el diseño.
Según sus características los rebozos pueden llamarse de distintas formas: rebozo caramelo, de luto de aroma o rebozo de bolita, por solo nombrar algunos. Los hay con los colores de la bandera y los que llevan el nombre del dueño en el lienzo o en el rapacious.
Making them requires draftsmen, binders, weavers and stitchers. Some are woven on backstrap looms and others on a pedal loom or Spanish loom.
Among the many places where shawls are woven, Santa María del Río, in San Luis Potosí, stands out. There they use the technique jasper (ikat), which consists of marking the threads that you do not want to dye with a stick dipped in oil and charcoal and tying them to prevent them from being dyed. The process must be repeated depending on the number of colors being used.
The rebozos of Tenancingo, State of Mexico, are also recognized. Among them, the aromatic mourning shawls stand out, black pieces used in wakes and that have a smell that they never lose. Its preparation requires more than a month as the materials are soaked, boiled and dried in the sun several times. Today they are only made by one family.
Hilan Cruz, his mother Nicolasa and his grandmother Robertina Vargas, three generations of people from Puebla who received the 2022 National Crafts Award. Arturo Estrada Hernándes, from San Luis Potosí, was also recognized in the National Rebozo Competition, 2004.
Quality rebozos can be seen at the Museum of Crafts, in Mexico City, at the Tenancingo Rebozo Fair.
english
RebozosThe rebozo is a fusion between Spanish shawls and pre-Hispanic textiles that originated after the conquest and that, over time, became an element of national identity. They can be made of cotton, wool, silk or artisanal, and vary in size, quality and design.
Depending on their characteristics, rebozos can be called by different names: caramel shawl, drizzle, luto de aroma, also ball shawl, just to name a few. There are those with the colors of the flag and those that bear the name of the owner on the canvas or on rapacejo, or rebozo tip.
Making them requires draftsmen, moorers, weavers and stitchers. Some are woven on backstrap looms and others on a pedal loom or Spanish loom.
Among the many places where rebozos are woven, Santa María del Río, in San Luis Potosí, stands out. There they use the jasper technique (ikat), which consists of marking with a stick dipped in oil and charcoal the threads that they do not want to dye and knotting them to prevent them from being dyed. The process should be repeated depending on the number of colors being used.
The rebozos of Tenancingo, State of Mexico, are also recognized. Among them are the “aroma or luto de aroma” (scent of mourning), black pieces used at wakes and that have a smell that they never lose. It takes more than a month to make as the materials are soaked, boiled and dried in the sun several times. Tradition says that when a woman dies she must be wrapped in that shawl.
Today they are only made by one family. Hilan Cruz, her mother Nicolasa and her grandmother Robertina Vargas, three generations of people from Puebla, who received the 2022 National Crafts Award. Arturo Estrada Hernándes, from San Luis Potosí, was also recognized at the 2004 National Rebozo Competition.
Quality rebozos can be seen at the Museum of Handicrafts in Mexico City, at the Tenancingo Rebozo Fair.
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